Biological Psychology - 1169 Words

Biological Psychology Kirstyn Mixa PSY/340 November 19, 2010 Brigitte Crowell Biological Psychology As a study, psychology has many branches within itself. Each thought of psychology throughout history has brought about another school of psychology. Psychology or philosophy enthusiasts and scholars alike have taken interests in not only understanding the themes of psychology but have contributed to the creation of another branch. So, of course, somewhere along the line was the dawning of a new era of psychology: biological psychology. In the following composition the reader will learn the meaning of biological psychology and its significance, history of this branch, pioneers of the sect, relationships bio-psy has with other†¦show more content†¦He also presented a theory to the world of psychology concerning the id, ego, and superego. This theory illustrates clearly how the brain is related to a person’s behavior. Relationships Associated with Biological Psychology The first relationships held with this school of psychology that come to mind are behavioral psychology and cognitive psychology. Focusing solely on behavior was a result of the school of behavioral neuroscience. Behaviorism and cognitive psychology were being studied almost simultaneously; some say cognitive psychology was a result of denying the theories associated with behaviorism while others claim behavioral psychology was a result of the studies of cog-psy. John B. Watson, the founder of behaviorism, stated that there must be physical/external evidence for an investigation to hold validity, (Wolman, B. B. 1989). The term behavioral psychology seems deceiving since biological psychology is also known as behavioral neuroscience and the views of these two schools contradict each other on many occasions. Cognitive psychology rejected behaviorism and brought back many of the theories associated with biopsychology. Unlike behavioris m and similar to biopsychology, cog-psy does not need physical evidence in order to be considered valid. Cognitive psychology and biopsychology share the use of neuroscience and the concentration of actions and reactions of the human body. Assumptions of a Biological Approach to PsychologyShow MoreRelatedBiological Psychology966 Words   |  4 Pages1. Individual Assignment: Biological Psychology Paper †¢ Resources: Assigned readings, Electronic Reserve Readings, the Internet, and/or other sources †¢ Prepare a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you analyze biological psychology. Be sure to address the following items in your analysis: o Define biological psychology and examine its historical development. o Identify three influential theorists associated with biological psychology. o Describe the relationshipRead MoreBiological Psychology2321 Words   |  10 PagesBiological ï ¿ ½ PAGE * MERGEFORMAT ï ¿ ½9ï ¿ ½ Running Header: BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY Biological Psychology Paper Sandra Lattin University of Phoenix Biological Psychology Biological psychology, as defined by the New World Encyclopedia, is the application of the principles of biology to the study of mental processes and behavior. In other words, it is the study of psychology in terms of bodily mechanisms.(New World Encyclopedia). Most processes associated with psychology have some sort of correlationRead MoreBiological Psychology Paper1189 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Head: Biological Psychology Paper Biological Psychology Paper Biological Psychology Paper Biological psychology is a vital part of psychology; without it psychology would not be considered a science, rather it may still be considered an art. Biological psychology has an extensive history, and each step has brought us closer to the reality that the brain is our main power source, and how much it affects our behavior. There have been many scientists and theorists that have contributedRead MoreThe Biological Perspective : Psychology Essay868 Words   |  4 PagesPSYCHOLOGY 1010: CONTEMERORY PSYCHOLOGY: 1. The Biological Perspective: This is the study of exactly how the physical events within the physical body interact with the events in the external environment. This is expressed by our perceptions, memories, behaviors and interactions with everything around us. We can think about our heredity and genetic makeup and the influences that has on each one of us as an individual. Then think about the stress of poor health and illness and how we may expressRead MoreThe Theory Of Biological Psychology3330 Words   |  14 Pagesknowledge of biological psychology, some on the form of new understandings of technology and new understandings of brain and body communication. The selected research problem is the effects on stress in the reintegration process and how it can create obstacles when it comes to treating and trying assist reintegrating service members and their families. Using the foundational knowledge compiled from years of research in the field of psychology, neurobiology, and bio logical psychology. Using researchRead MoreThe Biological Theory Of Psychology936 Words   |  4 PagesThere are 5 renowned approaches to abnormal Psychology, each one is unique and have influenced each other in some way. Freud’s approach infuriated psychologists, Watson felt it was not testable, Carl Rogers (Humanism) rejects Watson’s (Behaviour) scientific method. Some approaches are practiced more than others, they all have their strength and weaknesses, different assumptions and treatments however, the end goal is the same. Finding the underlying cause of abnormal behaviour and applying treatmentRead MorePsychology : The Behaviourist Approach And The Biological2398 Words   |  10 PagesAn Introduction To Psychology Part 1 (AC1) Two perspectives in psychology are the behaviourist approach and the biological (also known as physiological) approach. These perspectives consist of different theories, research methods and treatments in relation to mental illness. The behaviourist approach believes that people, as well as animals, are controlled by their surrounding environment which has a direct impact upon their behaviour and whether they would suffer from mental illness (McLeod,Read MoreBiological Psychology : The Biological Bases Of Psychological Processes, Behavior, And Learning1722 Words   |  7 PagesBiological Psychology is defined as a branch of neuroscience that focuses on the biological bases of psychological processes, behavior, and learning. Social Psychology is defined as the scientific study of how a person’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior are influenced by the real, imagined, or implied presence of others. Looking at both aspects of psychology we see many similarities as well as major differences. Some function go hand in hand while others could never be more different. The biologicalRead MoreBiological Psychology : The Brain And Nervous System Essay888 Words   |  4 Pages1. Biological psychology, of biopsychology , is the application of the principles of biology to the study of mental processes in terms of bodily mechanisms. The view that psychological processes have biological (or physiological) correlates, is the basic assumption of the whole field of biological psychology. Biological psychology is a hopeful domain, one that has much to offer in terms of improving the quality of life of the healthy as well as those suffering from disorders. It also contributed importantRead MoreBiological Psychology839 Words   |  4 PagesBiological Psychology Melissa Thompson University of Phoenix Biological Psychology When most hear the words biological/psychology, many tend to have trouble rapping their mind around it. Psychology is the study of behavior, so how does biology fit into this equation? Well we have to assume that our brain has influence or somehow effects are behavior. In order to prove or disprove this theory, we have to research the biology and psychology of both the brain and our behavior. So how do

Migrant Youth The United States - 847 Words

In the United States, immigrants come from varying countries in search of the American Dream. This dream entails the belief that their lives can be improved because of the various amounts of opportunities in United States. Due to this, thousands of migrant youth move from Central and South America to Texas in search for a better life. By crossing the Rio Grande border, the migrant youth are escaping the corruption and violence in their native country. Although the migrant youth are in search of a better life in America, the United States has a policy against undocumented immigrants. As a result of this, two perspectives of the migrant youth (that want a better life for themselves by coming illegally) and United States (that have to deport those immigrants who come illegally) arise. In order to analyze migrant youth better, some anthropological methods used are participant observation and interviews. All in all, the spread of migrant youth reveals the idea of the immigration crisis in the United States. In Texas, immigration from Central and South America is a significant issue. Considering there is a great deal of poverty, high crime rate, minimal amounts of jobs, and government corruption in some areas in Central and South America, parents are in a search for a better life for their children. Starting in the spring of 2014, thousands of unaccompanied children surged through the Rio Grande River and into Texas with the help of smugglers. Since there were too manyShow MoreRelatedHispanic Migrant Politics And The Homeland Security State Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesAlfonso Gonzales provides a riveting and detailed work of Latino migrant politics and the homeland security state. Migration control date back to the mid-20th century. The author presents the actions taken by â€Å"pro-immigrant† groups to counter the hegemonic institutions that criminalize our communities. The book draws on political theory and field research with numerous activists, deporte es, and policy makers across the country ranging from Los Angeles to Washington D.C. and abroad (Mexico and ElRead MoreIn Regards To The Daca And Dapa Programs, President Obama1517 Words   |  7 Pageshistory of immigration. In her book, Small Strangers, historian Melissa R. Klapper maintains that U.S. history is a story of foreign-born youth and children of immigrants. She says: â€Å"As both real people and symbols, turn-of-the-century immigrant children played a vital role [in the] unprecedented productivity and economic growth of their country.† Immigrant youth have been uniquely affected by immigration policies in the U.S. An overview of our country highlights the neglected presence of young immigrantsRead MoreRise Of The American Sanctuary Movement. Before Addressing1522 Words   |  7 Pagesfundamental to address the historical antecedents to today’s widespread undocumented immigration population as well as the elicited political response carried out by the R eagan Administration during the 1980s. In the heart of the Cold War, the United States actively supported and funded the El Salvadorian government — a military government that ran death squads in opposition to anti-capitalist rebel forces. The Salvadorian government, as a means of subverting communism through violence, killed andRead MoreRacism: The Root Of All Evil1022 Words   |  5 Pagesdone to people of color or of different beliefs. In the United States, Native Americans, the indigenous people, were the first to experience this violence, followed by black Africans, and later to various degrees, other people of color as they immigrated to the United States (Ponds, 23). Thousands of Latin-Americans immigrate to the United States every year. Besides the risk of dying in the process of crossing the border, Latin-Americans migrants deal with many other problems, such as violence, socio-economicRead MoreBenefits Of Illegal Migrant Workers1486 Words   |  6 PagesOnce working in the U.S., undocumented migrant laborers are perfectly exploitable. Because they are not citizens or on work visas, they essentially have no rights in the minds of some farms. Farms may provide poor quality housing, but no other work benefits. Agriculture doesn’t have to pay hourly minimum wage, so instead workers are paid by piece rate: employment in which a worker is paid a fixed rate for each unit produced no matter the time invested. 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Hagedorn stressed upon the equal division of economic development and job throughout major gang area.  Furthermore, he examined that the growth of gangs in the country began after the influx of migrants after world war two. Huff, C. R. (1989) evaluated the changing organizational structure of American gangs during the course of time. He addressedRead MoreSlavery In Qatar Essay808 Words   |  4 PagesUnited Nations Novice Security Council Ukraine Slavery In Qatar ENDING SLAVERY IN QATAR United Nations Security Council,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Noting article 204 of Section 22 of Act No. 14 of 1971 which addresses that anyone who establishes, operates or assists in the institution or operation of a house of prostitution or in his capacity as the owner will be imprisoned for a term of up to two years,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aware of the vulnerability of the FIFA Play Ball petition that calls on the Qatar 2022 organizing authoritiesRead MoreSources Of Income For Individuals Developing Countries1498 Words   |  6 Pagesthey rely on transfer earnings from abroad. These earnings are regarded as windfalls and are not taxed. Indirectly, they enhance the purchasing power and improve the standard of living of recipients. Dominant among these sources is the migrant remittance. 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Market structure Free Essays

Four basic types of market structures are: 1- Perfect competition 2- Monopolistic competition 3- Oligopoly 4- Monopoly There is also another market structure called Monopoly. 1- Perfect competition It is considered more theoretical than practical, because it is very rare. In perfect intention a large number of firms sell identical products, where none of them has pricing power. We will write a custom essay sample on Market structure or any similar topic only for you Order Now There no berries or very easy to enter to the market by any new farm. Prices. For example if we go to normal retail shops to buy vegetables, we will get at same prices from each and every shop. Fish market at Male’ is a very good and a simple example, where inside the market lot of sellers will be selling same fishes. Prices will be set by the demand and supply. Neither buyer nor seller sets the price. It is more like automates pricing. Characteristics of perfect competition include large umber of small firms, identical products, perfect resource mobility and perfect knowledge. 2- Monopolistic competition It is almost like perfect competition where large number of small firms sells similar but not identical products. Relative freedom of entry, to and exit from the industry. It means buyers will have substitutes to choose from. Alternatives to buy for fulfill their needs and wants. Examples of industries structures as monopolistic competition includes, clothing industry, restaurants, and shoes and so on. 3- Oligopoly It is a market situation where products are supplied by small number of firms where ACH of them has influence over pricing and supplies which directly effects the position of the competitors. I oligopoly there is a special case where there is only two producers are called Duopoly. 4- Monopoly This is a market structure where only one producer in a market who has to the total control. Buyers do not have substitutes and have no choice. They have total control over supply and prices. In this market structure, seller is always happy and consumers suffer. They take more profit with a huge marginal value from the products. Characteristics of monopoly includes single seller, unique product, berries o entry and specialized information. The fifth type of market structure which is not included in basic structures is Monopoly. It is upside down of a monopoly where there is only one buyer. If we relate to a Mammalian context, government is the only buyer for the explosives and guns. Where there may be many sellers. Exhibit 1 Perfect Competition Monopolistic Competition Oligopoly Monopoly Number of Sellers Many Few One Barriers to Entry Very Low Low Very High Type of Substitute Products Very good Good substitutes but differentiated Very good differentiated substitutes No good substitutes Nature of competition Price only Marketing, features and price Advertising Pricing Power None Little Little to significant Significant As mentioned above, from 1988 to 2005 telecommunication industry of Maldives was a monopoly market. The following will elaborate how it was a monopoly and what was the situation during the monopoly. 988-2005 Draught monopoly in Maldives It was history that people used to call Draught as â€Å"Blood Suckers†. When the company started in the Maldives in Maldives there was a telecommunication service by cable and wireless which uses USB set to communicate between the islands. After their establishment as one and only telecoms service provider in 1988 they brought a major upgr ade to their network in 1989 in Male and introduced paging service in the Maldives. They also introduced internet service for the very first time in Maldives in 1996 followed by mobile phone service in 1997 which was upgraded to GSM in 1999. Being the only company to provide the service and major share controlled by the government of the Maldives, they introduced services at a huge marginal value. Consumers have no substitution in the market, which lead Draught to grow up and cake huge profit and extended its service to nationwide, while charging extraordinary high charges to cover its expansion costs and making more profit. It is usual to charge more from the consumers in monopoly market structure. In monopoly, always seller is always happy and consumers are unhappy. Some pros and cons of monopoly are: Advantages Disadvantages Large capital scale benefit to the company More money to invest on development Earning national export revenues Price discrimination between consumers Very high market share Restricts production potential Do not actively pursue new clients Poor product quality Unfair wealth distribution Entry barrier for new comers When Waiting telecoms Maldives (presently called Ordered) started their service officially in Maldives on 1st August 2005 shortly after they were licensed on 1st of February 2005, the market structure changed to an oligopoly. Oligopoly In economics oligopoly means that there are few sellers of a certain product in a market. Usually these sellers are always in a high competition with each other. In this type of markets sellers knows very well about their competitors. They have a high power to in pushing their products to the consumers. When on seller makes a change, it will directly affect other sellers. There is a special case in oligopoly which is called duopoly. Which is when the there is only two sellers in the market. Here are some advantages and disadvantages of oligopoly. Advantages Lot of control Ability to fix prices Competitive pricing More profit making Perfect knowledge of the market Price controlling will be a disadvantage for consumers Creative ideas may fail to realist Difficult for small firms to establish in the market Not much of competition No fair wealth distribution Oligopoly in Maldives telecoms industry From 2005 Ordered became the major and the only competitor to Draught. As usual they have initiated their business with a huge investment to make existence of their network across the Maldives. It was a huge challenge for them to establish when there was a well-established and government controlled seller in the marker for almost a decade, market share was 100% controlled by monopolized Draught. Immediately after starting the service in the market by the new comer, the unhappy customers of the monopolized industry started to change their service provider. They started with introductory promotional prices which was far much better than the ajar market controller, which directly affected the business of Draught. Competition, strengths and weaknesses. When there are two or more sellers are there in a market, it is obvious that the competition will be born in the market. It is very interesting to study about the competition between Ordered and Draught. Luckily I have got very good connections at the top levels of both the companies, which made me to sit and talk about their respective companies. I found that they are tightly in competition with each other. Pricing: When Draught was alone in the industry, consumers pay around USED $100 average user used to pay around MOVE 2000 per month for the usage. Call rates are sky high. Rates differ from calls from mobile to mobile and mobile to landlines. When the competition started and if we see current situation, we have choices for individuals and businesses depends on what consumer needs. There are some consumers who want more talk time than data while others doesn’t care about the talk time but data allowance the service provider offers. Those used to spend around 2000 per month now are spending less than 500 per month because of competitive pricing by the competitors. Advertising: Earlier days Draught keeps and average advertising. Unlike that now each and every TV channel is occupied by both Draught and Ordered advertisements. All the islands with more population see those companies’ bill boards near harbors and schools. It is very clear that Ordered is doing more aggressive advertising while Draught use more informative advertising. Corporate Social responsibility: We used to say that both the companies do corporate social responsibility to a certain extent. But in real, in my study I found that rather than corporate social responsibility they both do corporate philanthropy. They do not actively participate in social activities. But they do help by donation some money to do the social activities by others. That is a form of advertisement they both do. They are present in the activities as bill boards. Just to advertise the company name. For example: Thieved league football tournament is always sponsored by one of these two companies. Competitive advantages: Draught uses â€Å"first in Maldives† â€Å"Largest network† and so on while Ordered uses â€Å"best network for smart phones†. Draught is first to come and still holds 65% market share while Ordered is gaining market share at a rapid speed. Bad the backbone of the company is much better with latest technologies while Draught is upgrading its backbone. Subsidized handsets to consumers: Ordered started offering Samsung handset to its consumers with contract for the very first time in Maldives. And soon they will be starting offer apple handsets on contract, while Draught is working with apple to introduce subsidized apple handsets with contract. Apple currently certified Ordered network for their products while Draught is doing upgrades to obtain certification of using Apple products on contract. Is this industry good for the society? Unlike the history of the monopoly in the telecommunication industry in the Maldives, with existing oligopoly (duopoly) consumers are happy now. As is economic theory, human wants are unlimited with the scares resources available, people are still aiming for mush cheaper services with better quality. As mentioned earlier in this report, consumers’ expenses, for the use of telecommunication are decreased by 60 percentages. We never heard of handset for installments by service providers before. But it is started now. We have heard about subsidized handset with contract with carrier locked, from other parts of the world. We never imagined that a small country with a small population like us will get phones on contract with subsidized prices. But it is soon to happen. Unlike perfect competition and monopolistic competition there are no much of sellers. So competition and pricing of the products will not be according to the demand and supply. Sellers will have the power to set the prices. Consumers are very happy when there is a perfect competition and monopolistic competition. Consumers are sad at most when there is a monopoly. But than they used to have, the monopoly. It is an average good for the society. How to cite Market structure, Papers Market Structure Free Essays University of Phoenix Material Differentiating Between Market Structures The purpose of this assignment is to identify applications of economics by evaluating strategies acted upon by firms. Select and complete one of the following assignments: Option 1: Differentiating Between Market Structures in Kudler Option 2: Differentiating Between Market Structures in an Organization of Your Choice Option 1: Differentiating Between Market Structures in Kudler You will apply important microeconomics concepts toward the competitive strategies of the Kudler Fine Food Virtual Organization that affect its long-term profitability. You will evaluate the differences between market structures and review the organization’s strategic plan, marketing overview, market surveys, and other material to evaluate the organization’s competitiveness in the marketplace, including its customers’ views. We will write a custom essay sample on Market Structure or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the process, you will identify the market structure that you believe best applies to this organization, and assess how the market structure positively and negatively affects the firm’s long-term profitability. Complete the University of Phoenix Material: Differentiating Between Market Structures Table located on the student website. Compare the various characteristics of the market structures by completing the table. Kathy Kudler has hired you as a consultant to perform a market analysis, review her competitive strategies, and make recommendations on how she can maximize profits. Read the materials in the Kudler Fine Foods Virtual Organization, including the firm’s strategic plan and marketing overview. Write a 1,050 – 1,400-word market analysis in which you address the following: †¢ Based on the details available to you in the strategic plan, marketing overview, market surveys, and other material, how does the organization compete in the marketplace? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the firm as indicated by the marketing surveys completed by their customers? †¢ Based on your learning, identify the market structure that you believe best applies to this organization. Defend your answer. How does that market structure positively and negatively affect the firm? How does the effectiveness of the competitive strategies in the market structure affect the organization’s long-term profitability? †¢ What competitive strategies would you recommend for Kudler Fine Foods? Explain your answer. Identify real-world organizations that are comparable with Kudler Fine Foods. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Option 2: Differentiating Between Market Structures in an Organization of Your Choice You will apply important microeconomics concepts toward the competitive strategies of an organization that operates in an industry of your choice. You will evaluate the differences between market structures and identify a group of competitive strategies consistent with the market structure that best aligns with the market in which the organization competes. You will assess how the market structure positively and negatively affects the firm and evaluate the efficacy of the structure’s competitive strategies. Complete the University of Phoenix Material: Differentiating Between Market Structures Table located on the student website. Compare the various characteristics of the market structures by completing the table. Write a 1,050 – 1,400-word paper Select an industry. Identify an organization in that industry. Identify the market structure in which this organization competes. Clearly indicate why the market structure was decided upon, and how this market structure differentiates from the other alternatives. Identify three or more competitive strategies of your choice that may be used by the organization to maximize its profits over the long run. Evaluate the efficacy of these strategies in the market structure you identified. Make recommendations related to the strategies the organization might consider to maximize its profits. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. How to cite Market Structure, Papers